Managing trade-offs in climate-smart landscapes: a global analysis at multiple levels
2015
Locatelli, Bruno | Pramova, Emilia | Chazarin, Florie | Fedele, Giacomo
An adequate management of land uses and human activities in landscapes can contribute to climate change mitigation and the adaptation of societies to climate variations, while ensuring that the direct and indirect impacts of climate change on landscapes and their ecosystems are anticipated and minimized. The challenge is to implement an effective combination of approaches to understand, manage, avoid or accept the multiple possible trade-offs between the three objectives of climate-smart landscapes (societal adaptation, climate change mitigation, and ecological resilience). One of the barriers for broad implementation of climate-smart landscape strategies is the lack of information on the synergies and trade-offs between the three objectives, the added value of integrated strategies, and the context in which they should be pursued. We present an analysis of existing information on climate-smart landscapes at multiple levels. First, we review 100+ scientific papers on the interaction between the three climate objectives. Second, we report an assessment of how 200+ climate change projects worldwide in agriculture and forestry consider multiple climate objectives. Third, we present how this integration is considered in global climate funds based on the perceptions of fund managers. Several major narratives on climate-smart landscapes emerge from the cross-level analyses at the international, national and local levels about the integration of different climate objectives into landscape related activities. Finally, we discuss factors that can facilitate the development of climate-smart landscapes. (Texte intégral)
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