Efficacy analysis of various target tissues for genetic transformation to overcome recalcitrance in perennial tree crops

Rekha K1; Jayasree P K 1; Jayashree1; R and Thomas K U

Efficacy analysis of various target tissues for genetic transformation to overcome recalcitrance in perennial tree crops

2019

Rekha K1 | Jayasree P K 1 | Jayashree1 | R and Thomas K U

Recalcitrance and low regeneration rate of perennial tree crops arethe major hurdles faced by biotechnologist working on thedevelopment of transgenic tree varieties around the world. Thenature of target tissue is a major deciding factor which determinesthe success in various stages of transgenic development liketransformation, plant regeneration and hardening. Heveabrasiliensis,the major source of natural rubber is a perennial tree crop and theaforementioned problems have slow downed the efforts todeveloptransgenic Heveavarities with better agronomic traits. Toovercome these issues in Hevea, an attempt was made in this study tocompare theefficiencies of different somatic and zygotic explantsstarting from the tissue infection stage to plantregeneration andhardening.The results shows that compared to embryogeniccallifrom anther and ovule a high transformation frequencyof 76.40%wasobtained from embryonic calli derived from zygotic embryo. A clearadvantage of zygotic explants wasapparent in different stages ofplant regeneration and hardening also. Moreover, the embryosderived from this source had more number of lateralrootsandshowed bettervigour than clonal explant. The results from ourstudy indicate that, zygote derived target tissue are much betterthan somatic derived calli to overcome the problems associated withrecalcitrance and lower regeneration frequencies often observedamong transgenic perennial tree crops.

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