Comparison of Phenolic Composition, Content, and Antioxidant Activity in Raspberries and Blackberries
2018
Kim, J.S., Kyungnam University, Changwon, Republic of Korea | Moon, Y.S., Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea | Kwak, E.J., Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
Three characteristics which determine fruit quality, namely composition and content of bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity, were analyzed in three raspberry cultivars (Rubus idaeus L.), two Korean raspberry varieties (Rubus coreana Miq., Rubus spp.), and two blackberry cultivars (Rubus fruticosus L.). The highest levels of bioactive compounds and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging activity were found in the cultivated Korean raspberry, followed by the wild Korean raspberry. The wild variety showed the smallest fruit with high sugar content and low acidity. While the yellow raspberry 'Golden Harvest' did not have anthocyanins, the flavonoid content was higher than in the wild Korean raspberry. Its high 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity might be related to the high level of epicatechin and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in the berry fruits. The 'Thornfree' blackberry contained less bioactive compounds with the exception of total anthocyanins, and less antioxidant activities when compared with the wild Korean raspberry. The bioactive compound and antioxidant activities in the 'Canby' red raspberry were two times higher than in the cultivated Korean red raspberry. While the cultivated red raspberries showed good sensory acceptance due to the high sugar content and low acidity, it was the cultivar with the least amount of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities among the seven Rubus fruits. These results contribute to the knowledge of the differences in composition, content of phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activities in the different cultivars and will aid in the selection of cultivars for breeding.
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