Agronomic diversity among rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars and lines in a germplasm collection in Romania
2002
Alionte, Gheorghe | Iorga, Daniela | Alionte, Eliana
The present paper contents the annual experiments carried out at the Research Institute for Cereals and Industrial Crops-Fundulea, Romania. Rice laboratory, in order to study the diversity of morphophysiological characteristics of rice genetic material, preserved into collection Romanian and foreign lines and cultivars that belong to 23 producing countries from Europe, Asia, America and Africa. Each sample was sown in a single plot, on two rows of 1.5 m length and 0.40 m distance between rows. The time to ripeness ranged from 65 days to 96 days and the time to maturity between 111 and 145 days. More than 68% from plants, were resistant to lodging (especially up to 85 cm plant height) and to shattering too. Very useful genetic material was found for the "flag leaf habit and position" trait. Many lines and cultivars are interesting as for the "panicle type" trait. Great variability was shown for both "panicle length" and "plant height" traits, that ranged from 13 to 23 cm and 65 to 123 cm, respectively. Most of the tested lines and cultivars, showed well-exerted panicle. Big differences among lines and cultivars was observed for "hull pubescence" trait, but the majority of them (55%) had intermediate hull pubescence. It was less variability for "awing" trait (75% without awing). Great variability was also shown for "grain size" and "1000 grain weight" traits, that ranged from round (29%) to long grain (24%) and from 22 g to 44 g, respectively. The results indicate that the studied genetic material had great variability that could be annually exploited in the breeding programmes. (Résumé d'auteur)
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