Morphology, growth and secondary metabolite production of tawa-tawa (Euphorbia hirta L.) under varying levels of shade and nitrogen source
2017
Reaño, S. S.
A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different levels of shade (open condition, 30% and 60%) and N fertilizer application (no N, 0.65 g urea [equivalent to 0.30 g of N per plant] and 1.30 g urea, 62.5g poultry litter compost, 32.08 g green manure compost and 47.24 g vermicompost [all equivalent to 0.60 g of nitrogen per plant] on morphological parameters, growth, and antioxidant properties (total phenolics, total flavonoids and anthocyanin content) of tawa-tawa (Euphorbia hirta L.) Tawa-tawa plants applied with vermicompost and poultry litter compost under the open condition exhibited the highest number of leaves and lateral branches. The earliest number of days to flowering was from vermicompost-treated plants under open condition and 30% shade. The most number of flowers was also observed under these treatments. High vegetative and reproductive growth from plants applied with vermicompost under open condition correspondingly increase the resulting fresh and dry weight of the different plant parts. Total phenolic content (mg GAE/100) was greatest under 60% shade. Total flavonoid content (mg QE 100/g) did not vary within and in each shade level. Anthocyanin content (mg CGE 100/g) under open condition and 60% shade demonstrated no significant differences from each other in all fertilizer treatments. On a per plant basis, total phenolic, total flavonoid and anthocyanin yield was greatest in vermicompost-treated plants under open condition. The percent scavenging activity obtained for all treatment were of the same level in all shade and fertilizer conditions. At 71.8% scavenging activity, tawa-tawa can be regarded as a potential natural source of antioxidants.
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