A New Disinfestation Approach Against Some Greenhouse Pests Using Ethyl Formate Fumigation
2019
Kwon, T.H., Gyeongsang National University, Jjnju, Republic of Korea | Jeong, I.H., National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju, Republic of Korea | Lee, B.H., Gyeongsang National University, Jjnju, Republic of Korea | Park, C.G., Gyeongsang National University, Jjnju, Republic of Korea
Ethyl formate (EF) is a rapid kill, environmentally safe, and low mammalian toxicity fumigant, registered to disinfest quarantine insect pests from imported agricultural products. A new concept for controlling insect pests of agricultural crops was tested in a fumigation chamber with EF. Control efficacy of and phyto-toxicity due to EF fumigation were evaluated against four pests (Thrips palmi, Bemisia tabaci, Myzus persicae, and Tetranychus urticae) and on seedlings of four fruit vegetables (FVs; yellow melon, cucumber, tomato, and pepper). Ethyl formate fumigation at a dose of 1.5 g m∨-3 for 12 h produced more than 93.3% mortality in T. palmi, B. tabaci, and M. persicae. However, T. urticae was tolerant to fumigation, showing only 20% mortality at 2.0 g m∨-3. In terms of concentration × time (CT) products, at least 8.9 g · h m∨-3 CT at 20 ± 1.5°C was needed to achieve more than 90% mortality against the three susceptible insect pests. Fumigation at 1.5 g m∨-3 for 12 h caused no phyto-toxicity to any of the four FV seedlings. Ethyl formate application, as a new disinfestation method in greenhouses, could be an alternative to reduce the use of conventional insecticides. However, further studies are needed to determine the efficacy of this method at different pest developmental stages and in different greenhouse environments. Additionally, research is needed to elucidate the phyto-toxicity of EF application at different growing stages of a wide variety of crops.
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