Phytochemical screening of bark and leaf extracts of species from the genus Salix l.
2018
Gligorić, Emilia (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0512-1915) | Teofilović, Branislava (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-3974) | Grujić-Letić, Nevena
White willow bark (Salix alba L.) is a herbal remedy traditionally used as antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent. Although its medicinal properties were ascribed to glycoside salicin as the main active compound, newer studies point to other constituents as well. Many species of willows widely spread in nature are until present not much studied for the presence of simple phenolics, including S. babylonica and S. triandra. Also, there is no comparative data about chemical composition of bark and leaves of these species. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and quantify the chemical constituents of bark and leaf extracts of three species of the genus Salix. Bark and leaf extracts of S. alba, S. babylonica and S. triandra were prepared by maceration with 70% (v/v) ethanol for 48 hours. Chemical characterization of extracts was carried out by HPLC. The presence of 11 out of 16 analyzed phenolics was confirmed. The major compounds in the examined extracts were chlorogenic acid (1.46-7.48 mg/g), salicin (1.52-4.86 mg/g), rutin (1.25-2.8 mg/g) and epicatechin (0.95-2.70 mg/g). The obtained results indicate that not only bark, but willow leaves as well contain health beneficial phenolic compounds. Moreover, willow species other than those in commercial use have great potential as sources of valuable phytochemicals that could be utilized in the pharmaceutical and food industry.
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