Species richness and abundance of spiders inhabiting rice in fresh swamps and tidal lowlands in South Sumatra, Indonesia
2018
Herlinda, S. | Yudha, S. | Thalib, R. | Khodijah | Suwandi | Lakitan, B. | Verawaty, M.
Species richness and abundance of arthropods can be affected by the growth stage of a plant and by specific planting methods in agroecosystems. Thus, there is a need to quantify arthropod assemblages, in order to analyze the species richness and abundance of spiders inhabiting rice. This study aimed to analyze the species richness and abundance of spiders inhabiting rice during both their vegetative and generative stages in fresh swamps and tidal lowlands of South Sumatra, Indonesia. The survey was carried out from February up to August 2012. Arboreal spiders were sampled using sweep nets, while soil-dwelling spiders were collected through pitfall traps. Families belonging to arboreal spiders present were: Araneidae, Tetragnathidae, Linyphiidae, Oxyopidae, Thomisidae, Theridiidae, and Salticidae. Soil-dwelling spiders present belonged to the family Lycosidae. Spider abundance was significantly greater in fresh swamps than in the tidal lowlands for both spiders (Tetragnatha vermiformis and Oxyopes bikakaeus) during the vegetative stage. On the other hand, the soil-dwelling spider Arctosa tanakai under family Lycosidae had a significantly greater abundance in fresh swamps than in tidal lowland ecosystems during the generative stage. Meanwhile, during the generative stage the average abundance of arboreal spiders was significantly greater in the fresh swamps than in the tidal lowlands, while there was no significant difference in species richness. For soil-dwelling spiders, there was no significant difference in abundance and species richness during the vegetative stage of rice. From the two groups of spiders for both ecosystems, the soil-dwelling family Lycosidae would make a better predator of rice pests.
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