Bio-ecology of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith): available knowledge
2019
Navasero, M.M.
This paper briefly described each of the developmental stages of a new invasive pest in the country, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), along with its haplotypes and host range, based on data available in the literature, for wider information dissemination among fellow researchers. The egg hatches in 2-3 days. Mean development time (in days) of the sixth 3.7, instars are as follows: first 3.3., second 1.7, third 1.5, fourth 1.5, fifth 2.0, and sixth 3.7, when reared on corn at 25 deg C. Total larval duration is about 14 days during warm months and 30 days in cooler months. The pupal duration is about 8-9 days during summer, reaching 20-30 days during cooler weather but they cannot withstand long periods of cold weather. The adult stage is nocturnal, active during warm humid evenings. After a preovipostion period of 3-4 days, the female moth normally deposits most of her eggs during the first 4-5 days but maybe extended for up to three weeks. Mean duration of adult life is estimated at 10 days. Two haplotypes or strains determined through DNA barcoding have been reported: the corn strain which feeds predominantly on maize, cotton, and sorghum; and the rice strain which feeds on rice are also present in our country, which makes it a potential pest of concern to many of our economically important crops.
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