Identification and validation of citrus varieties through DNA fingerprinting using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers
2019
Vera, S.V.I. | Rama, R.A.B. | Espino, M.R.M. | Espino, R.R.C.
Varietal identification is crucial prerequisite for successful crop production. The most popular method of identification is based on morphological characters which requires the grower's expertise in recognizing and differentiating one variety from another. However, visual identification has become less reliable and precise as plant's morphology is easily influenced by environmental and climatic factors leading to mislabeling. To address the potential risks of erroneous identification, DNA fingerprinting using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were employed. This study aims to identify six mandarin (Citrus reticulate), four pummel (Citrus grandis), four sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) varieties and Calamansi (x Citrofortunella microcarpa). Out of these aforementioned fifteen (15) varieties were twelve (12) NSIC-registered and three (3) non-NSIC registered varieties. Fourteen (14) SSR markers were screened on these varieties. Two (2) markers, SS18 and Cagg9, were able to classify varieties according to their respective species. DNA barcodes were then used to validate plant samples collected from accredited and non-accredited nurseries in the country by comparing their DNA profiles to their respective reference varieties which were from BPI-Baguio National Crop Research Development and Production Support Center. Collection of Calamansi, 'Magallanes', 'Siamese Abulug', 'Gayunan', 'Szinkom', and 'Washington Navel' from various locations have already been identified and validated using this technology. There were several planting materials found to differ in their variety name based on the identify given by the nurserymen/grower.
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