Perspektiva održivog uzgoja autohtonih rasa domaćih životinja u Srbiji
2019
Trailović, Ružica | Savić, Mila | Trailović, Dragiša
Genetic variability of domesticated animals, which is of great importance for human existence, is mostly present as inter-population phenomenon, i.e. the variability between different breeds and types within the species and variability between different domesticated species. Unfortunately, there is an increasing trend of breeding only small number of highly selected breeds, specialized for high production thus leading to market induced loss of domesticated diversity. Populations of numerous breeds and types, including local autochthonous animals that are not selectively adapted for demanding intensive production are decreasing due to loss of interest due to economic pressure. Together with loss of autochthonous domestic diversity loss of rural communities in areas that are unsuitable for intensive agriculture occur. Therefore sustainable development of traditional rural communities, including human habitats, is highly dependent on conservation of locally adapted animal breeds, a process that can only succeed if new economic motive for traditional animal production through sustainable breeding is successfully introduced. Organic animal breeding is very suitable for regions of protected nature due to holistic practice that favors local variable animal resources and conservation of agrobiodiversity, through controlled grazing which allows and promotes preservation of landscape. Extensive breeding on pasture can stop the process of succession and allow recovery of grassland and habitats. Organic animal breeding can therefore allow recovery of ecosystem, agrobiodiversity and rural communities through preservation of tradition and sustainable development of geographically certified organic production.
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