The Molecular Biology of Apoptosis
2022
Beyhan Yilmaz, Melisa | Muz, Dilek
Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, has become a target for treating many diseases, especially cancer. Many factors are influential in the cell's pathway to apoptosis. The defects in these pathways may transform the cell to become malignant, and the organism may face a lethal outcome such as cancer. Understanding apoptosis will provide clues in guiding the pathogenesis of diseases. Two main pathways leading to apoptosis, intrinsic and extrinsic, take an active role. The granzyme B pathway is also considered an apoptotic pathway, and this pathway is activated by enzymes secreted by immune cells such as T and NK. Many caspase molecules have initiator and enforcer roles and are active at critical points in the cell's apoptosis process. In cancer treatments, activating molecules in these pathways and repairing disrupted pathways are among the target approaches. This review discusses target strategies for inhibiting apoptotic pathways and molecules in cancer cells and activating these apoptotic pathways.
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