Identification of farm-level constraints in rainfed rice areas in two provinces in the Philippines
1984
Alcantara, J.M. | Garcia, F.V. | Abilay, W.P. Jr. | De Datta, S.K. (International Rice Research Inst., Los Banos, Laguna (Philippines). Dept. of Agronomy)
Rainfed trials of rice were conducted in Tarlac province in Central Luzon, and in Libmanan and San Fernando, Camarines Sur in the Bicol region [Philippines] to look into the following issues: gap between farmers' and researchers' yields and the factors responsible for such a gap, and alternative technologies in increasing nitrogen use efficiency under the resource-scarce conditions in the Philippines. Across all study areas, yields with farmers' inputs from 84 trials for three years (1981-1983) averaged 3.4 t/ha. Low level of fertilizer application and poor insect control were the major constraints. Application of high levels of fertilizer, and use of adequate insect and weed control methods increased the yields by 1.4 t/ha over farmers' inputs. In Camarines Sur, low fertilizer level and inadequate weed control were important constraints in wet-seeded rice. Of the three fertilizer nutrients studied, only nitrogen app1123eared to be limiting in the Tarlac sites while both nitrogen and phosphorus should be applied in Camarines Sur to achieve optimum yield. Results suggest that yield can be considerably increased if the farmers increase their current nitrogen levels to about 30-40 kg/ha provided the fertilizer is timely and properly applied. A comparison of the three methods of various farms of urea application showed that under farmers' environment where water control is poor and adverse weather conditions such as the occurrence of floods and typhoons are uncontrollable, the researchers' split-applied prilled urea was as efficient as deep-point placement of urea supergranules and basal incorporation of sulfur-coated u
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