Epiphytic fungi on apple leaves and their value for control of the postharvest pathogens Botrytis cinerea, Monilinia fructigena and Penicillium expansum
1994
Falconi, C.J. (Konstanz Univ (Germany). Fakultaet fuer Biologie. Lehrstuhl fuer Phytopathologie) | Mengden, K.
Fungal populations were examined each month on apple leaves, cv. 'Golden Delicious', during 1989. Out of 32 different fungal species studied, 21 were present throughout the season in large numbers. Of these, 368 isolates were selected and tested in vitro and in vivo for antagonistic activity against the postharvest pathogens Botrytis cinerea, Monilia fructigena and Penicillium expansum. If applied to wounded apples, isolates of Aureobasidium pullulans, Epicoccum purpurascens, Sordaria fimicola and Trichoderma polysporum (20 mig containing 10(7) spores/ml) provided good protection against the three postharvest pathogens at a ratio of 100:1 (antagonists to pathogen). Better control with much smaller numbers of antagonists was obtained with mixtures, such as E. purpurascens plus A. pullulans, S. fimicola, or T. polysporum. After the application of such mixtures to freshly wounded apples, ratios between 1:1 until 10:1 (antagonists to pathogen) were sufficient to control postharvest decay over a broad range of concentrations of the micro-organisms
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