Risk characterisation and management of sewage sludge on agricultural land - implications for the environment and the food-chain [New South Wales]
1992
Ross, A.D. | Keneally, J.P. (New South Wales Agriculture, Camden (Australia). Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Inst.) | Lawrie, R.A. | Whatmuff, M.S. (New South Wales Agriculture, Rydalmere (Australia). Biological and Chemical Research Inst.)
The disposal of sewage wastes may cause severe environmental problems as was graphically demonstrated with pollution on Sydney's ocean beaches in recent years. Sewage sludges contain valuable plant nutrients and organic matter which can improve the fertility and structure of the soil. However, human parasites, pathogenic micro-organisms and chemicals capable of causing soil contamination, phytotoxicity and residues in animal products may also be present. Although sewage sludge is frequently spread on agricultural land overseas, it is not common in Australia and most states do not have specific regulations to minimise risk and promote good practice. A sludge-to-land program began in the Sydney region in 1990. It follows guidelines written by NSW Agriculture to encourage beneficial agricultural use of sludge by adoption of environmentally sustainable practices. The major risks to the food-chain and the environment which may be associated with applying sewage sludge to agricultural land are described, summarising how the risks are managed, and where further research data are required.
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