Characteristics of the agricultural structures in the Czech Republik and the Slovak Republic as affected by the current economic transformations

Английский. Fundamental transformations in the agricultural sector of the Czech Republik and the Slovak Republic occured since the political and economic system of both countries has been starting to change radically in autumn 1989. In this study, the economic indicators of the former agricultural structures were analyzed and the new developments described. These developments included the transformation of cooperative and state farms as well as the re-establishment of private farms, going along with a reduction of the once existing overemployment in agricultural enterprises. An emphasis was also paid to problems concering the supply of agricultural products on domestic markets and to necessary regulations in primarv production and agricultural marketing. Finally, an attempt was made to indicate developments which can be expected in the agricultural sector of both republics in the near future.

Немецкий. Die Landwirtschaft der Tschechischen Republik und der Slowakischen Republik unterliegt seit Herbst 1989 grundlegenden Veraenderungen. Die vorliegende Arbeit analysiert die oekonomischen Indikatoren der Agrarstruktur vor der politischen Wende und stellt die aktuellen Entwicklungen dar. Diese betreffen die Transformation von landwirtschaftlichen Genossenschaften und Staatsguetern, den damit verbundenen Abbau der Ueberbeschaeftigung und der Entstehung neuer landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe auf privatrechtlicher Basis. Die Frage der Binnenmarktversorgung und die damit verbundenen Produktions- und Marktschutzmassnahmen werden ebenfalls eroertert. Tendenzen kuenftiger Entwicklungen werden angezeigt.