Effect of seed maturity levels and conservation methods on seed and seedling vigor of broad bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Английский. The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect of various levels of seed maturity and conservation methods on seed vigor and seedling vigor of broad bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The experiment was conducted at Darmaga IV Experimental Station, Seed Science and Technology Laboratory-Leuwikopo, IPB and BIOTROP, Tajur. Broad bean no. 1058 was used in this experiment. Seed vigor testing was carried out in the laboratory, using Completely Randomized Design, while Randomized Complete Block Design was applied to field experiment for testing seedling vigor. The treatment consisted of two factors as followed. (1) Levels of seed maturity: M1 = 27 daf (days after flowering), M2 = 30 daf, M3 = 33 daf, M4 = 36 daf, and M5 = 39 daf. (2) Conservation methods: K1 = pods were spread out in the processing unit room for about 1 week, the seed moisture content was dropped to 40 percent; K2= sun drying; K3 = artificial drying, using seed. The seed moisture content was dropped to 9-10 percent in K2 and K3 methods. Broad bean seeds harvested at 36 daf, the time when physiological maturity was reached, followed by either sun drying or artificial drying, showed a maximum seed vigor. However, a higher seedling vigor resulted from sun drying as compared to artificial drying. Before physiological maturity seed vigor and seedling vigor was still lower, while the vigor was reduced after physiological maturity

индонезийский. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai tingkat kemasakan benih dan metode pengeringan terhadap vigor benih dan vigor bibit kacang jogo (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Darmaga IV, Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih-Leuwikopo, IPB dan BIOTROP, Tajur. Benih kacang jogo yang digunakan no. 1058. Pengujian vigor benih dilakukan di laboratorium dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap, sedangkan pengujian vigor bibit di lapang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Perlakuan terdiri dari faktor sebagai berikut : (1) Tingkat kemasakan benih : M1 = 27 hsb (hari setelah berbunga), M2 = 30 hsb dan M5 = 39 hsb. (2) Metode konservasi: K1 = polong dihampar di gudang pengolahan benih selama 1 minggu, kadar air benih turun menjadi sekitar 40 persen; K2 = pengeringan dengan matahari, K3 = pengeringan buatan dengan seed dryer 40 derajat C. Kadar air benih diturunkan menjadi 9-10 persen pada metode K2 dan K3. Benih kacang jogo yang dipanen pada umur 36 hsb, saat tercapainya masak fisiologis, kemuadian diikuti dengan pengeringan matahari atau buatan, memiliki vigor benih maksimum. Tetapi pengeringan matahari menghasilkan vigor bibit yang lebih baik dibandingkan pengeringan buatan. Sebelum masak fisiologis vigor benih dan bibit masih rendah, sedangkan setelah masak fisiologis vigor sudah menurun