Genome-wide association study for root morphology and phosphorus acquisition efficiency in diverse maize panels.

RIBEIRO, C. A. G.; SOUSA, S. M. de; SOUZA, V. F. de; NEGRI, B. F.; GAULT, C. M.; PASTINA, M. M.; MAGALHAES, J. V. de; GUIMARAES, L. J. M.; BARROS, E. G. de; BUCKLER. E. S.; GUIMARÃES, C. T.; CARLOS ALEXANDRE GOMES RIBEIRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa; SYLVIA MORAIS DE SOUSA TINOCO, CNPMS; VANDER FILLIPE DE SOUZA, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei; BARBARA FRANÇA NEGRI, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei; CHRISTINE MARIE GAULT, Cornell University; MARIA MARTA PASTINA, CNPMS; JURANDIR VIEIRA DE MAGALHAES, CNPMS; LAURO JOSE MOREIRA GUIMARAES, CNPMS; EVERALDO GONÇALVES DE BARROS, Universidade Federal de Viçosa; EDWARD S. BUCKLER, USDA-ARS; CLAUDIA TEIXEIRA GUIMARAES, CNPMS.

Genome-wide association study for root morphology and phosphorus acquisition efficiency in diverse maize panels.

2023

RIBEIRO, C. A. G. | SOUSA, S. M. de | SOUZA, V. F. de | NEGRI, B. F. | GAULT, C. M. | PASTINA, M. M. | MAGALHAES, J. V. de | GUIMARAES, L. J. M. | BARROS, E. G. de | BUCKLER. E. S. | GUIMARÃES, C. T. | CARLOS ALEXANDRE GOMES RIBEIRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa; SYLVIA MORAIS DE SOUSA TINOCO, CNPMS; VANDER FILLIPE DE SOUZA, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei; BARBARA FRANÇA NEGRI, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei; CHRISTINE MARIE GAULT, Cornell University; MARIA MARTA PASTINA, CNPMS; JURANDIR VIEIRA DE MAGALHAES, CNPMS; LAURO JOSE MOREIRA GUIMARAES, CNPMS; EVERALDO GONÇALVES DE BARROS, Universidade Federal de Viçosa; EDWARD S. BUCKLER, USDA-ARS; CLAUDIA TEIXEIRA GUIMARAES, CNPMS.

Maximizing soil exploration through modifications of the root system is a strategy for plants to overcome phosphorus (P) deficiency. Genome-wide association with 561 tropical maize inbred lines from Embrapa and DTMA panels was undertaken for root morphology and P acquisition traits under low- and high-P concentrations, with 353,540 SNPs. P supply modified root morphology traits, biomass and P content in the global maize panel, but root length and root surface area changed differentially in Embrapa and DTMA panels. This suggests that different root plasticity mechanisms exist for maize adaptation to low-P conditions. A total of 87 SNPs were associated to phenotypic traits in both P conditions at ?log10(p-value) ? 5, whereas only seven SNPs reached the Bonferroni significance. Among these SNPs, S9_137746077, which is located upstream of the gene GRMZM2G378852 that encodes a MAPKKK protein kinase, was significantly associated with total seedling dry weight, with the same allele increasing root length and root surface area under P deficiency. The C allele of S8_88600375, mapped within GRMZM2G044531 that encodes an AGC kinase, significantly enhanced root length under low P, positively affecting root surface area and seedling weight. The broad genetic diversity evaluated in this panel suggests that candidate genes and favorable alleles could be exploited to improve P efficiency in maize breeding programs of Africa and Latin America.

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