EVALUATION OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES FOR RESISTANCE TO LEAF FUNGAL DISEASES
2023
Fadeeva, I. D. | Kurmakaev, F. F.
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the resistance of winter soft wheat varieties to powdery mildew, brown leaf rust and the response of varieties to fungicidal protection of crops.. The object of research was 17 varieties of ecological variety testing of various ecological and geographical origin. Average for 2020-2022 the prevalence of powdery mildew on varieties of winter wheat was 74.1%, and the intensity of development varied depending on the variety from 24.6% to 55.2%. The highest intensity of development of powdery mildew was noted in varieties Umka (55.2%), EN Albireo (48.6%) and Skipetr (45.6%). The prevalence of leaf rust was 74.2%. The maximum intensity of leaf rust development was noted on varieties Umka (52.4%), Biryuza (45.2%) and Lgovskaya 4 (42.5%). Varieties Sultan (20.5%), EN Albireo (22.5%), Alyonushka (25.6%) were marked with minimal brown rust damage. The biological effectiveness of the drug Title Duo (0,25 l/ha) was 83.3%. Fungicidal treatment of sowing increased the yield of varieties by an average of 0.35 t/ha. The maximum increase after fungicidal treatment was shown by varieties Biryuza (0.56 t/ha), Lgovskaya 4 (0.55 t/ha), EN Albireo (0.50 t/ha). Varieties Ilvina, EN Albireo and Lgovskaya 4 are able to form high grain yields without fungicidal treatment of crops. The main contribution to the yield variation was made by the “variety” factor (68.87%); dependence of yield on fungicidal treatment was 16.18%. The specific interaction "variety x fungicide" accounted for 2.69%
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