Phenotypic and genotypic changes in french populations of phytophthora infestans: are invasive clones the most aggressive?
Mariette, Nicolas | Mabon, Romain | Corbière, Roselyne | Boulard, Frédéric | Glais, Isabelle | Marquer, Bruno | Pasco, Claudine | Montarry, Josselin | Andrivon, Didier | Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST | PhD grant from Bretagne-Plants, acting on behalf of the ACVNPT (Association des Createurs de Varietes Nouvelles de Pomme de Terre); project Blight-Mop [EU QLK5-CT-2000-01065]; project BioExploit [EU FOOD-CT-2005-513959]; project Emerfundis [ANR-07-BDIV-0003]; project ARIMNET PoH-MED [ANR-12-AGRI-0009] | ANR-07-BDIV-0003,EMERFUNDIS,Comprendre les émergences de maladies fongiques de plantes : vers une estimation des risques liés aux changements globaux(2007) | European Project: 219262,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-ERANET-2007-RTD,ARIMNET(2008)
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Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Английский. The main objective of this investigation was to test the always more aggressive' hypothesis, often advocated to explain lineage replacements in clonal populations of the potato late blight oomycete Phytophthora infestans. To this end, genotypic and pathogenicity data on 1274 French isolates of P. infestans, collected over the period 2001-2008, were analysed. Overall, the populations sampled showed limited genetic diversity, with four multilocus lineages (1_A1, 2_A1, 8_A1 and 13_A2) accounting for over 80% of the isolates collected. As in other West European countries, drastic changes in these dominant clonal lineages were observed over the course of the 8years, particularly in the appearance and propagation of the clone 13_A2. However, invasiveness of clones was not associated with higher aggressiveness; on the contrary, dominant clones had generally low or moderate aggressiveness relative to others present at the same time within the same populations. This finding challenges the link between invasive behaviour and increased aggressiveness often assumed for this biotrophic pathogen, and could reflect the existence of a trade-off between intra-season and inter-season transmission. This would be consistent with the concept of inclusive fitness, which involves the abilities to both reproduce and survive.
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