Resistance to Asparagus virus 1 in the Wild Relative Asparagus amarus
2014
Nothnagel, Thomas | Budahn, Holger | Krämer, Ilona | Schliephake, Edgar | Schreyer, Lutz | Krämer, Reiner
Five asparagus cultivars, three breeding lines and the wild relative Asparagus amarus were tested for natural infection by Asparagus virus 1 (AV‐1) in experimental fields at two locations over 3 and 4 years, respectively. In the first year after re‐planting the annual crowns in the field, more than 90% of tested plants of cultivars were infected by AV‐1. In the third and fourth year, 100% of tested plants of cultivars were AV‐1 infected. In comparison, all plants of the wild relative A. amarus were completely free of AV‐1, suggesting a high level of resistance. Additionally, 1‐year‐old glasshouse‐cultivated plants of A. officinalis and A. amarus were placed in an AV‐1 provocation cabin under field conditions. Seven months later, 100% of the A. officinalis plants showed a high virus concentration in ELISA, whereas no AV‐1 was detectable in the A. amarus plants. This result was confirmed by highly sensitive AV‐1‐specific RT‐PCR. To exclude vector resistance, the feeding behaviour of green peach aphid Myzus persicae was tested over 12 h using the electrical penetration graph method. Both asparagus genotypes were accepted by the aphids as potential hosts, but the feeding time was significantly longer on A. amarus. A genetic distance analysis of the various cultivars of Asparagus officinalis and selected wild relatives of the JKI collection was carried out, resulting in a clear discrimination of cultivars and wild relatives, especially A. amarus. The potential breeding value of the putative resistance carrier is discussed.
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