Effect of Biocidal Treatments on Cation Exchange Capacity and Fusarium Blight of Soybean in Delaware Soils
1988
Sandler, H. A. | Carroll, R. B. | Sparks, D. L.
Fusarium wilt has caused significant losses in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.J production and is very difficult to control because it is caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum. A better understanding of the relationship between soil characteristics and the pathogen and between biocidal treatments and physiochemical properties is needed, especially for soils that appear to be suppressive. The effects of antoclaving and Vapam fumigation on cation exchange capacity, organic matter content, clay content, pH, and Fusarium wilt of soybean were determined for several different Delaware soil types (Typic Hapludults, Typic Qnartzipsamments, and Typic Umbraquults). ‘Essex’ soybean was grown in the treated soils that had been infested, prior to planting, with 6.3 × 10⁴ viable spores per gram of dry soil of a pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum isolate. Treatments were arranged on the greenhouse bench in a randomized completeblock design with five replications. Cation exchange capacity generally increased with fumigation and decreased with autoclaving, but differences were not significant for all soils. Organic matter content increased following fumigation in three soils, and pH values were lowered by both biocidal treatments in all soils except a Matapeake silt loam. Disease incidence and severity were affected differently for each soil type. Based on portions of a M.S. thesis submitted by the senior author to the Office of Grad. Studies, Univ. of Delaware. Published with the approval of the director of the Delaware Agric. Exp. Stn. as Misc. Pap. 1138. Contribution no. 207 of the Dep. of Plant Sci., Univ. of Delaware.
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