Chemical composition, digestibility and protein quality of 12 sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) cultivars
1999
Canibe, N. | Pedrosa, M.M. | Robredo, L.M. | Knudsen, K.E.B.
Twelve sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) cultivars grown in Spain were analysed and tested in experiments with rats. The dehulled seeds contained an average of 32.2 MJ kg(-1) dry matter (DM) gross energy, 653 g kg(-1) DM fat, 60 g kg(-1) DM total non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and 6 g kg(-1) DM Klason lignin. The sunflower seed hulls contained 20.2 MJ kg(-1) DM gross energy, 53g kg(-1) DM fat, 562 g kg(-1) DM total NSPs and 239 g kg(-1) DM Klason lignin. The sunflower samples were dehulled and partially defatted (to approximately 17% fat) and included in diets for rats. The dehulled, partially defatted samples contained on average 74.6 g nitrogen kg(-1) DM and 1.409 mg g(-1) phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid + caffeic acid + derivative 1 + derivative 2) varying from 0.677 to 2.847 mg g(-1). Groups of five growing rats were fed diets (9.38% crude protein) containing one of the sunflower cultivars as the only source of protein. Apparent ileal and faecal digestibilities were determined by using an indigestible marker (Cr(2)O(3)) and faecal digestibility based on total faecal collections. Apparent ileal, caecal and faecal digestibilities of organic matter were 81.2-91.5% (P = 0.05), 95.8-97.1% (P = 0.005) and 94.7-95.3% (P = 0.94) respectively. The apparent faecal digestibilities of DM, energy and protein (N x 6.25) were 93.2-93.8%, 93.5-94.3% and 81.6-84.3% respectively with no differences among cultivars. Biological value (BV) ranged between 63.8 and 73.2% (P = 0.0001) and net protein utilisation (NPU) between 59.9 and 69.5% (P = 0.0001). BV and NPU were positively correlated with lysine and threonine contents, but no correlation with the analysed phenolic compounds was detected.
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