Growth hormone axis as marker of nutritional status and growth performance in fish
Perez-Sanchez, J. | Le Bail, P.Y.
The endocrine control of growth and metabolism is interrelated and many of the endocrine factors involved in the regulation of lipid and protein metabolism are also involved in nutrient utilization, immune system function and somatic growth. All these processes are impaired in catabolic states induced by fasting, protein deprivation and chronic liver diseases as a response to the consequential changes in the endocrine system. In this regard, it must be noted that concentrations of circulating metabolites may be quite different depending on the catabolic state. However, in all the metabolic disorders that shared an increased catabolism/anabolism balance, plasma insulin levels are depressed, whereas those of GH are elevated. This hypersomatotropism, linked to growth retardation, is accompanied by a reduction of plasma IGF-I concentration, which reflects some refractoriness of liver to the anabolic action of GH. Changes in GH availability and liver GH-responsiveness can also be established as a function of age, fish species, and environmental factors (photoperiod and temperature). In the present work, the regulation and mode of GH action is discussed in order to provide a useful tool to assess the nutritional status and growth performance of cultured fish.
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