Nitrogen dynamics under corn fields in the Red River Valley of North Dakota
Chatterjee, Amitava
Excessive applications of fertilizer N in corn (Zea mays L.) has profound environmental and economic consequences. Corn grain yield, N losses, N₂O denitrification, NH₃ volatilization, and soil water NO₃ concentration at 60‐cm depth were collected for eight corn fields in the Red River Valley of North Dakota. Relationships of soil and management factors with cumulative N₂O and NH₃ losses were studied. Grain yield varied from 3.58 to 5.66 Mg ha–¹. Cumulative NH₃ and N₂O losses were ranged between 1.0–2.4 kg ha–¹ and 24.7–150 g N₂O‐N ha–¹, respectively. Soil organic matter (SOM; r = .94, p = .001), clay (r = .94, p = .001), and initial inorganic N (0–60 cm) content (r = .83, p = .01) had a positive relationship with cumulative N₂O losses. Cumulative NH₃ had a negative relationship with soil pH (r² = .63, p = .01). Results indicate that soil properties such as, SOM, clay concentration, and initial profile N had a control over N losses.
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