Study on performance and mechanism of enhanced low-concentration ammonia nitrogen removal from low-temperature wastewater by iron-loaded biological activated carbon filter
2022
Ren, Zhijun | Fu, Xiaolin | Zhang, Guangming | Li, Yuyou | Qin, Yu | Wang, Pengfei | Liu, Xiaoyang | Lv, Longyi
In order to strengthen the treatment of low-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater at low temperature, iron-loaded activated carbon (Fe-AC) with ultrasonic impregnation method was used as the filter material of biofilter process. The performance and mechanism of ammonia nitrogen removal from simulated secondary wastewater by iron-loaded biological activated carbon filter (Fe-BACF) were studied at 10 °C. The characterization results showed that iron was loaded on the surface of AC in the form of Fe₂O₃, and the specific surface area, total pore volume, pore size and alkaline functional group content of Fe-AC were obviously increased. After the formation of biofilm on the surface of filter media, the average removal rate of ammonia nitrogen by Fe-BACF (97.9%) was significantly higher than that of conventional BACF (87.8%). The improved surface properties increased the number and metabolic activity of microorganisms, and promoted the secretion of EPS on the surface of Fe-BAC. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the existence of Fe optimized the bacterial community structure on the surface of Fe-BAC, with the increase of the abundances of psychrophilic bacteria and ammonia nitrogen removal bacteria. The mechanism of enhanced ammonia nitrogen removal by Fe-BACF was the joint action of many factors, among which the main causal relationship was that modification of iron could optimize the number and category of microorganisms on Fe-BAC surface by improving the surface properties, thus improving the biological nitrogen removal ability. Results of this study provided a practical way for the treatment of low ammonia nitrogen wastewater in cold regions.
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