Assessing visible ozone-induced foliar injury in ponderosa pine
1997
Grulke, N.E. | Lee, E.H.
Chlorotic mottle of foliage is one of the primary indicators of ozone injury to conifers. We used univariate and multivariate analyses to test for significant correlations between chlorotic mottle of needles and 38 characteristics known to be associated with ozone injury in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex P. & C. Laws). Measures of morphological, physiological, and nearest neighbor characteristics were compared on the same trees for their relative contribution in determining the minimum set of characteristics needed to assess ozone injury as indicated by chlorotic mottle. Nine characteristics were significantly correlated with the different levels of chlorotic mottle: the number of green whorls retained, the proportion of foliated versus total branchlet length, branchlet and bole diameter, radial growth, foliar chlorophyll and nitrogen content, coarse root sucrose content, and proximity of nearest Pinus neighbor. Discriminant analysis applied to the standardized principal components showed that the first six characteristics were nearly as good as all nine in classifying the visible foliar injury scores. The series of analyses performed supported some of the characteristics in use and added others that should be included in assessing ozone injury in yellow pine.
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