Redox regulation of the glutathione reductase/iso-glutaredoxin system in germinating pea seed exposed to cadmium
Smiri, Moêz | Chaoui, Abdelilah | Rouhier, Nicolas | Gelhaye, Eric | Jacquot, Jean-Pierre | El Ferjani, Ezzedine
The present work aims at understanding the regulation of the glutathione/glutathione reductase/glutaredoxin system (GSH/GR/GRX) in plant, namely the transition from heterotrophic growth to photoautotrophic metabolism in seedlings. Pea seeds were analyzed between 0 and 5 days. This study compares seedlings grown in the presence or absence of external cadmium. GSH/GR/GRX system was studied separately in cotyledons that mainly serve to reserve breakdown and in embryonic axes that prepare for cell elongation and cell division associated with radicle emergence. We made extracts of the proteins at various stages of the development, quantify their protein content and use them for activity measurements and estimation of specific protein levels. Cadmium caused a reduction of the total glutathione content. The levels of glutaredoxin C4 (GRX C4) and glutaredoxin S12 (GRX S12) showed a Cd-dependent increase, although GRX activity was depressed. Glutathione reductase activity was significantly reduced by cadmium. However, Cd treatment provoked a strong induction in protein level and activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX). The disturbances in the resumption of redox metabolism may be a contributory cause of deleterious effect of cadmium on pea seed germination.
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