Catalytic Carbonylative Double Cyclization of 2-(3-Hydroxy-1-yn-1-yl)phenols in Ionic Liquids Leading to Furobenzofuranone Derivatives
2019
Mancuso, Raffaella | Miliè, Rossana | Palumbo Piccionello, Antonio | Olivieri, Diego | Della Ca’, Nicola | Carfagna, Carla | Gabriele, Bartolo
A catalytic carbonylative double cyclization method for the synthesis of furo[3,4-b]benzofuran-1(3H)-ones is reported. It is based on the reaction between readily available 2-(3-hydroxy-1-yn-1-yl)phenols, CO, and oxygen carried out in the presence of catalytic amounts of PdI₂ (1 mol %) in conjunction with KI (20 mol %) and 2 equiv of diisopropylethylamine at 80 °C for 24 h under 30 atm of a 1:4 mixture of CO–air. Interestingly, the process was not selective when carried out in classical organic non-nucleophilic solvents (such as MeCN or DME), leading to a mixture of the benzofurofuranone derivative and the benzofuran ensuing from simple cycloisomerization, whereas it turned out chemoselective toward the formation of the double cyclization compound in BmimBF₄ as the reaction medium. Moreover, the ionic liquid solvent containing the catalyst could be easily recycled several times without appreciable loss of activity.
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