Selecting an efficient proliferation medium for Actinidia arguta 'Issai' explants
Hameg, R. | Arteta, T. | Gallego, P. P. | Barreal, M. E.
Designing an optimal mineral-salt composition medium for plant micropropagation is one of the biggest challenges for the plant biotechnologist. Several micropropagation protocols for Actinidia spp. have been proposed since Harada (1975), although the MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) medium is the most commonly used for kiwifruit in vitro culture. In this research, six different culture media currently used for Actinidia micropropagation, MS (Murashige and Skoog), Ch (Cheng), H (Harada), St (Standardi), B5 (Gamborg) and Kh medium (modified Cheng), were tested to assess the multiplication response of in-vitro-cultured Actinidia arguta ‘Issai’. All media were supplemented with 1 mg L-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1 mg L-1 gibberellic acid (GA3). The vegetative growth of explants varied significantly depending on the media used, with the St medium being the most effective, generating healthy (4.1 up to 5) and long (3.4 cm) shoots and the highest number of leaves (27 per explant) with the largest leaf area (43.1 cm2). In contrast, B5 medium promoted low (3.5) and short (1.9 cm) shoots, fewest leaves (18) and smallest leaf area (21.4 cm2), but more importantly, B5 also produced physiological disorders such as undesirable callus and abnormal leaves. The rest of the media produced intermediate and/or not significantly different results compared with St and B5. Standardi medium seems to be the most appropriate medium for good proliferation of Actinidia arguta ‘Issai’, although it clearly needs improving since it also produced physiological side-effects such as callus formation.
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