Analyses des transitions alimentaires dans le monde entre 1961 et 2018
Nyangwile, Eole | Heyse, Wielfried | Méjean, Caroline | Dallongeville, Jean
To identify food transitions in the world since the mid-20th century. Analyses are for total caloric availability, animal and plant products (kcal/capita/year) from FAOSTATS (1961-2018). Hierarchical clustering analyses were used. The analysis identified 5 typologies (Typ). The “High caloric, meat” Typ presents a high caloric availability, of animal origin (1100kcal/d) and increasing in plants (1800 to 2200kcal/d) and groups the rich countries. The “High caloric, vegetable” Typ presents a high caloric availability of vegetable origin (2500kcal/d) and increasing in meat (500 to 900kcal/d) and concerns the southern European countries. The following clusters have increasing caloric availability. The “Intermediate” Typ is growing in vegetables (from 1900 to 2400kcal/d) and in meat (300 to 500kcal/d). The “Limited caloric, meat” Typ is intermediate in meat (600kcal/d) and increasing in vegetables (from 1600 to 2000kcal/d). The “Limited caloric, vegetable” Typ is very limited in meat (200kcal/d) and increasing in vegetables (from 1800 to 2200kcal/d) and groups together the poor countries. Between 1961 and 2018, food availability has increased but with marked regional disparities associated with the economic level and geographical particularities.
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