Short-Term Effects of Arsenate-Induced Toxicity on Growth, Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Contents, and Total Content of Phenolic Compounds of Azolla filiculoides

Sánchez-Viveros, Gabriela; Ferrera-Cerrato, Ronald; Alarcón, Alejandro

Short-Term Effects of Arsenate-Induced Toxicity on Growth, Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Contents, and Total Content of Phenolic Compounds of Azolla filiculoides

2011

Sánchez-Viveros, Gabriela | Ferrera-Cerrato, Ronald | Alarcón, Alejandro

This study evaluated the toxic effects of arsenic (As) on the growth, total antioxidant activity, total content of phenolic compounds, and content of photosynthetic pigments of Azolla filiculoides. The aquatic fern was propagated and exposed to Yoshida nutrient solution contaminated with sodium arsenate (Na2HAsO4·7H2O) at six concentrations (5, 10, 20, 30, 60, and 120Â μgâAsâmL−1), including the control without As contamination. Azolla cultures were kept under environmental chamber conditionsÂ 26°C, 12Â h photoperiod and 80% HR for 96Â h. Increased As concentrations (>30Â μgâmL−1) significantly diminished growth of A. filiculoides and the total content of chlorophyll and total phenolic compounds, but significantly enhanced of total carotenoidâ+âxanthophylls content. The concentrations of 5 and 10Â μgâAsâmL−1 significantly stimulated the growth of A. filiculoides. This aquatic fern tolerates As concentrations lower than 30Â μgâmL−1, and its maximum As accumulation (28Â μgâg−1 dry weight) was achieved when exposed to 60Â μg As mL−1, but showing clear symptoms of As toxicity.

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