Outcomes and prognostic factors of surgical treatments for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome in 3 breeds
Liu, Nai‐Chieh | Oechtering, Gerhard U. | Adams, Vicki J. | Kalmar, Lajos | Sargan, David R. | Ladlow, Jane F.
OBJECTIVE: To determine prognostic indicators for the surgical treatment of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) and to compare the prognosis of 2 multilevel surgical procedures. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Client‐owned pugs, French bulldogs, and bulldogs (n = 50). METHODS: Noninvasive whole‐body barometric plethysmography (WBBP) was used to assess respiratory function before, 1 month and 6 months after upper airway corrective surgery. Postoperatively, BOAS indices (ie, ascending severity score generated from WBBP data, 0%‐100%) that equaled to or exceeded the cut‐off values of BOAS in the diagnostic models were considered to have a “poor prognosis.” A multivariate logistic regression was used to assess predictors for prognosis. RESULTS: The median BOAS indices decreased after surgery (from 76% to 63%, P < .0001), although dogs with indices in this range would still be considered clinically affected. Age (odds ratios [OR] = 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93‐0.99, P < .05), body condition (OR = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01‐0.39, P < .01), laryngeal collapse (OR = 6.1, 95% CI: 1‐37.22, P < .05), and surgical techniques (OR = 7.94, 95% CI: 1.17‐54.01, P < .05) were associated with postoperative prognosis. The multivariate model suggests modified multilevel surgery (MMS) may have a better outcome than traditional multilevel surgery (TMS) (P = .034). The positive predictive value of the logistic model was 84% (95% CI: 68‐94%) and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 89% (95% CI: 78‐99%, P <.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Younger age, normal body condition, presence of laryngeal collapse, and treatment with TMS were negative prognostic factors after surgical treatment of BOAS. MMS is recommended, particularly in dogs with a higher probability of poor prognosis.
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