Supplémentation des formules infantiles en acides docosahexaénoïque et arachidonique : effets sur le développement de l’enfant et difficultés associées à leur introduction
Cancalon, Mathilde | Barouh, Nathalie | Hemery, Youna | Durand, Erwann | Guesnet, Philippe | Villeneuve, Pierre | Bourlieu-Lacanal, Claire
The postnatal period is characterized by rapid growth and development. Lipids, especially long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) such as docosahexaenoic (DHA) and arachidonic (ARA) acids, play an essential role during this period. The main objective of infant formulas is to be biomimetic of the “golden standard” i.e. breast milk, both in terms of composition and structure, thus offering the best possible alternative to breastfeeding when it has failed and/or is not possible. In this context, European regulations have evolved and now require DHA supplementation of formulas. Formulas are also fortified with ARA, another PUFA essential for child development, although there is no requirement for a minimum content. Their high degree of unsaturation makes these fatty acids particularly sensitive to lipid oxidation, making their inclusion in infant formulas more difficult. The objective of this review is therefore to provide a state of the art on the various key parameters that allow better control of LC-PUFA supplementation in infant formulas.
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