Genetic analysis of anther culture-derived diploids of Capsicum spp
2015
Nowaczyk, Luboslawa | Nowaczyk, Pawel | Olszewska, Dorota
Four F₁ hybrids of hot pepper (Capsicum spp.), the result of crossing soft-fleshed, hot, red-fruited lines with hard-fleshed, sweet, red- and yellow-fruited cultivars, were used as donor plants for in vitro anther culture. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that one-third of the plantlets derived from anther culture contained 2C DNA. Thirty-five fully-developed diploid plants were then used for genetic analysis. Ripe fruit colour, pericarp structure and taste, and the effect of marker gene activity were included in the evaluation. Seventy-four percent of the plants examined differed from the donor plant phenotype in their marker characteristics. Differences occurred in one (16 plants), two (nine plants), or three (one plant) of the characteristics considered. The other nine diploid plants showed differences from the corresponding stock plant in terms of quantitative fruit characteristics such as length, width, fresh weight, pericarp weight, pericarp as a proportion of fruit weight, wall thickness, and dry matter content. Significant differences were found in three-to-six of the characters listed. The results confirmed the androgenic origin of all diploid plants. Also, high levels of genetic variation were found in the androdiploids produced, both in terms of the yield and market value of their fruit. The weight of all fruit per plant ranged from 44 g to 1.24 kg. For each diploid, there were recombinants that were significantly different from their donor plant. The androdiploids could provide attractive stock material for breeding new cultivars of Capsicum spp.
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