Chemical Compositions of Oils from Several Wild Almond Species
2011
Chemical compositions of oils extracted from three wild almond species [Amygdalus scoparia from Beyza, Iran (AZ); A. scoparia from Borazjan, Iran (AJ), and A. hausknechtii from the Firuzabad region, (AH)] and a domestic species, A. dulcis from Estahban, Iran (AD), as a reference, were investigated. Total oil content ranged from 44.4% in AJ to 51.4% in AD. Saponification numbers were in the range of 173.5 (for AJ) to 192.9 for AD. Oxidative stability, total phenolic contents and total wax contents were found to be within the ranges 11.7-14.0 h, 33.9-43.2 and 2.05-2.53%, respectively. The main monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) was oleic acid ranging from 66.7% for AH to 69.7% for AZ. The only polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) was linoleic acid ranging from 18.2% for AZ to 23.0% for AD. The major saturated fatty acid was palmitic acid. MUFA contents and MUFA to PUFA ratio in the oils from wild almond species as well as those in the domestic one were found at higher levels than those in the common vegetable oils such as soybean, various nut oils, and also those from the seeds of pomegranate, grape, date and sesame. Oils from wild almond species investigated here are rich in oleic acid and can be considered as potential vegetable oils in the human diet.
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