Relationships between biomass and phenolic production in grain sorghum grown under different conditions
The total phenol pool (kg ha(-1)) of the aerial parts and roots of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. cv. CE(145-66)) crops and their relationships to dry matter and total phenol concentrations (g kg(-1)) were studied in four different data sets (2 sites x 2 yr for a total of 52 smallholder fields) in Senegal. The total phenol pool size varied from 4 to 156 kg ha(-1) in the aerial parts and from 1 to 16 kg ha(-1) in the roots. The phenol pool size was closely correlated with the amount of dry matter in both the aerial parts (r = 0.95, P<0.001) and the roots (r = 0.91, P<0.001). In contrast, the phenol concentrations varied less between fields than the dry matter content, and therefore had less impact on the phenol pool size. Using a N nutrition index (NNI) to assess the N nutrition of the sorghum crops, both phenol the pool and concentration were higher when N nutrition was better. Grain yield and the phenol pool of aerial parts were also positively correlated. The data indicate that the environmental factors that promote growth and grain yield also enhance the total phenol synthesis in sorghum vegetative parts.
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