Income diversification and food security situation in Ethiopia: A review study
This review was conducted to examine the income diversification and food security situation in Ethiopia. The objective is specifically to identify the determinants of income diversification of smallholder farmers, and its effect on food security status of rural households and to review the determinants of food security status of households. Agriculture is the basic economic sector in which the country relies for its social and economic development. In spite of the fact that 80% of the population has been employed in food production, it fails to feed relatively large proportion of population from its domestic production. In Ethiopia, 83% of small-holder farmers participated in farming activities and only 27% were engaged in non-farm/off-farm economic enterprises. Non-farm employment provides additional income that enables farmers to spend more on their basic needs include food, education, cloth and health care services. Food security exists when all people at all times have the physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for active and healthy life. The basic factors influencing the food security status of small-holder farmers are the socioeconomic characteristics and resources of individual households. To make considerable improvement on food security situation, action should be taken by household heads, government of Ethiopia, national and international organizations.
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