Response of maize germination and growth to hydrothermal carbonization filtrate type and amount
2015
Vozhdayev, Georgiy V. | Spokas, Kurt A. | Molde, Joseph S. | Heilmann, Steven M. | Wood, Brandon M. | Valentas, Kenneth J.
AIMS: The option of using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) filtrate as a liquid based fertilizer for agricultural crop production was evaluated through germination and plant growth studies using corn (Zea Mays L.). METHODS: Corn growth trials were conducted in a growth chamber with artificial lighting and controlled temperature programming in washed silica sand amended with condensed distillers soluble (CDS), swine manure, or poultry litter HTC filtrates. Seedling growth trials were conducted over a period of 3 weeks and evaluated for overall plant height, above ground biomass, below ground biomass, and total biomass in response to various filtrate applications. Impacts on germination were studied by quantifying germination time and of corn seeds in response to various amounts of condensed distillers solubles (CDS) and swine HTC filtrates. RESULTS: Inhibitory effects on corn seed germination and seedling growth were dependent on HTC filtrate type and application amount, where at dilutions greater than 1:2 (filtrate : total volume) corn germination was not inhibited and swine based filtrate extending the seed germination delay (lag phase). Low filtrate applications were statistically equal to control responses. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest a potential opportunity for utilization of HTC filtrates as an agricultural liquid fertilizer, thereby recycling critical plant nutrients, once inhibitory compounds are treated.
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