Genetic Relationships among Grape Cultivars from North-Western Italy
2003
Schneider, Anna | Boccacci, Paolo | Botta, Roberto
In Piedmont and Liguria, North-Western regions of Italy, around 15 major autochthonous grape varieties (among which Barbera, Nebbiolo, and Vermentino) are grown and together with further 15 minor cultivars are the base for local v.q.p.r.d. wines. Besides this sizeable number of well known wine grapes typical of the area, a relevant number of rare, neglected or endangered varieties (almost disappearing from cultivation or still grown to a very limited extent) were collected in the last 15 years within a project addressed to preserve and explore the value of the local germplasm. Over 300 neglected or endangered cultivars are maintained in a collection field specifically focused on local germplasm preservation. Ampelographic investigations, often confirmed by DNA analyses, showed that about one third of these rescued varieties were synonyms. The amount of this grapevine genetic diversity heritage remains however very high. With the aim of exploring the genetic relationships among cultivars from North-Western Italy, around 90 different varieties, presumably native of the area, were analysed with microsatellite markers at 6 among the most polymorphic loci. Additional loci were analysed on a subset of cultivars showing data consistent with possible parentage. Although from the first set of analysis using the 6 loci several parentage relationships were possible, further DNA typing rejected all of them but one. This parentage hypothesis for cultivar Nebbiolo is discussed.
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