Control de pudriciones en frutos tropicales de exportacion con sustancias reconocidas como sequras (GRAS) | Control of rots of tropical fruits with generally regarded as safe (GRAS) compounds
2011
Umana-Rojas, G.
Microbial postharvest decay of tropical fruits is a major problem in the warm and humid tropical regions. This situation has become more serious in recent years because of the limited number of conventional fungicides that can be used for postharvest treatments. For this reason there has been a recent interest in investigating new alternatives to chemical control, including GRAS (generally regarded as safe) compounds, some of which have been widely used in the food industry as preservatives, and are associated with a high antimicrobial activity. These substances have been tested for field plant diseases, and for postharvest treatments on citrus. Research has shown promising results of the use of GRAS compounds as postharvest treatments of tropical fruits. In Costa Rica, application of silicon on mango fruit 24 h prior to inoculation with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides resulted in reduced anthracnose; severity decreased as the concentration of silicon increased. Postharvest treatments of papaya with 3% sodium bicarbonate gave promising results on anthracnose reduction, but this point needs further research with higher rates or the use of surfactants. Application of 1% CaCl2 plus the surfactant arylalkyl on papaya resulted in 48% reduction on anthracnose severity. On palm peach (Bactris gasipaes), an immersion of fruit in a mixture of the fungicide thiabendazole plus the antioxidant BHT, reduced postharvest diseases on this highly perishable fruit. The highest potential for the use of GRAS substances for the control of postharvest decay of tropical fruits can be obtained by incorporating them as part of an integrated management strategy for postharvest rots; current research is aimed at determining if the combination of GRAS compounds with conventional fungicides can reduce the amount of pesticide needed.
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