Monitoring of arsenic contents in domestic rice and human risk assessment for daily intake of inorganic arsenic in Korea
2018
Lee, Seul Gi | Kim, Da Hyun | Lee, Young Seok | Cho, Seung-Yong | Chŏng, Myŏng-sŏp | Cho, MinJa | Kang, YoungWoon | Kim, HyeJung | Kim, DongSul | Lee, Kwang-Won
Rice can be the major contributor to exposure of inorganic arsenic (iAs). A total of 485 domestic rice (polished rice, n = 368; husked rice, n = 117) samples produced in 2014 were determined for total arsenic (tAs) and As species. The determination of As species was conducted by HPLC-ICP-MS. AsIII was the major detected species. AsV, DMA, and MMA were occurred in lower level in both types of rice. In polished rice, iAs represented 43–91% of tAs: tAs = 0.088 ± 0.021 mg/kg; iAs = 0.060 ± 0.013 mg/kg. In husked rice, iAs ranged from 55% to 91% of tAs; tAs = 0.160 ± 0.042 mg/kg, iAs = 0.114 ± 0.029 mg/kg. The iAs level of polished rice samples was below the current maximum limit of the Chinese and German standard (0.2 mg/kg for inorganic arsenic in milled rice). Also, husked rice samples did not exceed the standard for iAs. Average dietary exposure to iAs from polished rice consumption was calculated as 0.17 ± 0.21 μg/kg·bw/day which was 8.09% level of Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake. The result obtained in the present study provide a reference data of iAs in Korean rice for the establishment of safety standards.
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