Intravenous administration of azumolene to reverse malignant hyperthermia in swine
2010
Carmo, P.L do | Zapata-Sudo, G. | Trachez, M.M. | Antunes, F. | Guimaraes, S.E.F. | Debom, R. | Rizzi, M.D.R. | Sudo, R.T.
Background: The efficacy of intravenous (IV) administration of azumolene (Az), an analogue 30-fold more soluble than dantrolene, on pigs susceptible to malignant hyperthermia (MH) is incompletely understood. Objective: To evaluate efficacy of Az on MH crisis in pigs. Animals: Eight normal (MHN) and 7 susceptible to MH (MHS) pigs (Landrace × Large White × Pietran). Methods: Prospective, laboratory trial. Hypermetabolic crisis was observed in MHS pigs, but not in MHN pigs, after a combined administration of inhaled halothane (1.5%) and IV injection of succinylcholine (SCh; 2.5 mg/kg). Susceptibility was confirmed using a caffeine and halothane contracture test. Az was administered 15 minutes after administration of SCh. Results: Respiratory acidosis (pH 7.16 +/- 0.02; Pco2, 46.2 +/- 9.1 mmHg, HCO3, 22.5 +/- 2.3 mmol/L), fever (38.2 +/- 1.1°C), cardiac arrhythmias, and muscle contracture were observed in MHS pigs. MHS pigs (n = 5) treated with Az (2 mg/kg IV) survived the crisis with attenuation of signs (pH 7.30 +/- 0.10; Pco2, 36.3 +/- 4.5 mmHg; HCO3, 22.9 +/- 2.3 mmol/L) and recovery of normal muscle tone and cardiac rhythm. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Az represents a possible substitute for dantrolene to reverse MH crisis in susceptible pigs.
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