Toxicity of pentachlorophenol to native aquatic species in the Yangtze River
2012
Jin, Xiaowei | Zha, Jinmiao | Xu, Yiping | Giesy, John P. | Wang, Zijian
INTRODUCTION: While the literature is replete with studies of the toxic potency of pentachlorophenol (PCP), site-specific criteria for native aquatic species that can be used in ecological risk assessments has been lacking and application of toxicity information for non-native species is controversial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, acute and chronic toxicities of PCP to six aquatic species native to the Yangtze River were determined. The HC5 and HC50 (hazardous concentration for 5% and 50% of species) were derived from dose–response curves for these native aquatic species and were then compared with those derived for non-native species. RESULTS: The acute toxicity values for the native species ranged from 8.8 × 10−2 mg l−1 (Plagiognathops microlepis) to 1.1 mg l−1 (Soirodela polyrhiza), while chronic toxicity values based on no observed effect concentrations (NOECs) ranged from 0.01 mg l−1 (Macrobrachium superbum) to 0.25 mg l−1 (Soirodela polyrhiza). Native aquatic benthos was more sensitive to acute PCP exposure than non-native species. There was no significant difference in NOECs derived from native fish species and those based on non-native fish species. The median acute HC5 and HC50 derived from the toxicity data of native taxa were both less than those derived from non-native taxa. There was no significant difference between chronic HC5s derived from the two sets of taxa. However, the median chronic HC50 derived from native taxa was less than that derived from non-native taxa. CONCLUSION: The study upon which we report here provides site-specific toxicity information developed for native species which can be used for the protection of local aquatic life from a common contaminant, PCP.
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