Effects of soil acidity and water stress on corn and soybean performance under a no-till system
2013
Joris, Helio Antonio Wood | Caires, Eduardo Fávero | Bini, Angelo Rafael | Scharr, Danilo Augusto | Haliski, Adriano
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Field studies have demonstrated that aluminum (Al) toxicity is low in no-till systems during cropping seasons that have adequate and well-distributed rainfall. This study evaluated the performance of corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) on an acid loamy soil under a long-term no-till system, in response to surface liming and as affected by genotypic tolerance to Al and water stress. METHODS: A field trial examined the effect of surface application of lime (0, 4, 8, and 12 Mg ha⁻¹) on no-till corn and soybean nutrition and yield. Trials were also carried out in undisturbed soil columns taken from the unlimed and limed plots. Two hybrids/cultivars of corn and soybean, one sensitive and the other moderately sensitive to Al were grown at two soil moisture levels with and without water stress (50 % and 80 % water filled pore space). RESULTS: Alleviating soil acidity by liming improved nutrition and increased grain yields of corn and soybean. The benefits of liming on root length density, nutrient uptake and shoot biomass production of corn and soybean were more pronounced in Al-sensitive genotypes under water stress. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that plants exposed to drought stress under no-till systems are more affected by Al toxicity.
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