The effect of free air carbon dioxide enrichment and nitrogen fertilisation on the chemical composition and nutritional value of wheat and barley grain
Wroblewitz, Stefanie | Hüther, Liane | Manderscheid, Remy | Weigel, Hans-Joachim | Wätzig, Hermann | Dänicke, Sven
A rising atmospheric CO₂ concentration might influence the nutrient composition of feedstuffs and consequently the nutritional value for livestock. The present study investigates the effects of atmospheric CO₂ enrichment on the chemical composition and nutritional value of winter wheat cv. “Batis” and winter barley cv. “Theresa”. Both cereals were grown at two different atmospheric CO₂ concentrations (ambient CO₂ [AMBI]: 380 ppm and enriched CO₂ [free air carbon dioxide enrichment, FACE]: 550 ppm) for two growing seasons. The influence of two different nitrogen (N) fertilisation levels (adequate N supply [N100] and nearly 50% of adequate N supply [N50]) were studied as well. A significant effect was observed for the crude protein content, which declined at FACE condition in a range of 8–16 g kg⁻¹ in wheat and of 10–20 g kg⁻¹ in barley. A reduced N fertilisation level resulted in a strong reduction of crude protein concentration in both cereal species. In wheat, a decrease in N supply significantly enhanced the concentration of starch and crude fibre. In barley, only the concentration of fructose increased under FACE condition and reduced N fertilisation. The FACE did not have major effects on the concentrations of minerals, while the influence of N fertilisation was different for both cereals. Whereas no effects could be observed for barley, a reduced N supply caused a significant reduction in concentrations of zinc, manganese and iron in wheat. Furthermore, an undirected effect of atmospheric CO₂ and N fertilisation levels were found for the amino acid concentrations. Based on these results, future scenarios of climate change would have an impact on the nutritional value of cereal grains.
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