THE Role of glandular trichomes in the resistance of lycopersicon hirsutum f. glabratum to heliothis zea
1983
DIMOCK, MICHAEL B. | Kennedy, G. G. (George G.)
Removal of the glandular trichome exudate from leaflets of the wild tomato Lycopersicon hirsutum f. glabratum PI 134417 by swabbing with ethanol resulted in loss of resistance to larvae of the tomato fruitworm (Heliothis zea). An extract containing the exudate and little else was toxic to first-instar fruitworm larvae. Gas chromatographic analysis of extracts containing only the excised tips of the glandular trichomes revealed the presence of 2-tridecanone, a compound toxic to H. zea and other arthropods. The toxin was found to be nearly absent from the leaflet interior, being present in significant quantities only in extracts of leaflet surfaces. H. zea larvae were killed by fumes from the surface extract and from pure 2-tridecanone. The air surrounding PI 134417 leaflets was found to be rich in 2-tridecanone vapors. Fumigant action is a major avenue of their exposure to 2-tridecanone on the foliage of PI 134417. While larvae are quickly immobilized by fumes when placed on resistant leaflets, most recover within 24 hr, casting doubt on 2-tridecanone as the sole defensive compound in PI 134417 against H. zea.
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