A Spatial Analysis to Define Data Requirements for Hydrological and Water Quality Models in Data-Limited Regions
D’Ambrosio, Ersilia | De Girolamo, Anna Maria | Spanò, Marinella | Corbelli, Vera | Capasso, Gennaro | Morea, Massimo | Velardo, Raffaele | Abdelwahab, Ossama M.M. | Lonigro, Antonio | Milillo, Fabio | Ricci, Giovanni Francesco | Romano, Giovanni | Calabrese, Angelantonio | Casale, Barbara | Mauro, Roberto | Pappagallo, Giuseppe | Gentile, Francesco
The objective of the present work is a spatial analysis aimed at supporting hydrological and water quality model applications in the Canale d’Aiedda basin (Puglia, Italy), a data-limited area. The basin is part of the sensitive environmental area of Taranto that requires remediation of the soil, subsoil, surface water, and groundwater. A monitoring plan was defined to record the streamflow and water quality parameters needed for calibrating and validating models, and a database archived in a GIS environment was built, which includes climatic data, soil hydraulic parameters, groundwater data, surface water quality parameters, point-source parameters, and information on agricultural practices. Based on a one-year monitoring of activities, the average annual loads of N-NO<inf>3</inf> and P-PO<inf>4</inf> delivered to the Mar Piccolo amounted to about 42 t year−1, and 2 t year−1, respectively. Knowledge uncertainty in monthly load estimation was found to be up to 25% for N-NO<inf>3</inf> and 40% for P-PO<inf>4</inf>. The contributions of point sources in terms of N-NO<inf>3</inf> and P-PO<inf>4</inf> were estimated at 45% and 77%, respectively. This study defines a procedure for supporting modelling activities at the basin scale for data-limited regions.
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