Antifouling activities of hymenialdisine and debromohymenialdisine from the sponge Axinella sp
2013
Feng, Dan qing | Qiu, Yan | Wang, Wei | Wang, Xiang | Ouyang, Peng gang | Ke, Cai huan
Being physically unprotected sessile organisms, marine sponges are thought to protect themselves from surface fouling through the use of antifouling secondary metabolites. In this study, the sponge Axinella sp. was extracted with methanol and then partitioned between organic solvents and water. Two main compounds, hymenialdisine (HD) and debromohymenialdisine (DBH), were isolated from the n-BuOH layer using Sephadex LH-20 and C-18 column chromatography. The antifouling activity of HD and DBH were evaluated using the test of byssus thread production with the green mussel Perna viridis, and the settlement assays with the bryozoan Bugula neritina larvae and the green alga Ulva prolifera spores. Both HD and DBH were found to exhibit significant antifouling activities against P. viridis (EC50 values of 31.77 and 138.18 μg ml−1, respectively), B. neritina (EC50 values of 3.43 and 8.17 μg ml−1, respectively) and U. prolifera (EC50 values of 8.31 and 0.67 μg ml−1, respectively). Our results suggested that HD and DBH may play a role in chemical defense against fouling in Axinella sp.
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