Cytotoxicity in MA-104 cells and rumen protozoa of some phytotoxins and their effects on fermentation by faunated and defaunated rumen inocula
1993
Dominguez-Bello, M.G. | Jouany, J.P. | Papon, Y. | Michelangeli, F. | Chemello, M.E.
Toxic compounds present in plants are an important factor limiting the nutritional use of tropical legumes. This work deals particularly with the toxic nonprotein amino acid analogues mimosine, DOPA, and canavanine and structurally related compounds such as nicotinic acid, 3-hydroxypyridine, and catechol. The effect of these toxins was measured on the viability of eukaryote cultured cells (MA-104) and rumen protozoa and on the fermentation activity (production of VFAs, ammonia, and gas) by inocula from faunated and defaunated sheep in vitro. Toxins did not increase cell death of protozoa, while catechol and nicotinic acid increased cell death of MA-104 cells. Thus, these toxins affected differentially the viability of eukaryote cells. Mimosine, nicotinic acid, DOPA, and canavanine had a stimulatory effect on fermentation but increased accumulation of methane by faunated inoculum. Catechol drastically depressed the fermentation activity of faunated and defaunated inocula and impaired the ammonia uptake by rumen microbes. Therefore, none of these toxins would be suitable to eliminate protozoa, and they do not appear to improve the overall fermentation balance in the rumen.
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